Escalating Water Scarcity Challenge
The water scarcity in the Asia Pacific region has led to increased water treatment chemical demand as governments and industries are seeking ways to make the best use of the available water resources. India and China have witnessed alarming depletion in their groundwater tables, and it has recently been estimated that the groundwater depletion in the northwestern parts of India is as high as 1 meter per year. In this context, water treatment chemicals are being used in the Asia Pacific region to enhance the performance of water treatment facilities, with coagulants, flocculants, and pH stabilizers being dosed in water treatment facilities in water-scarce cities like Delhi, Bangkok, and Manila.
The industrial sector is also one of the major sectors contributing to the increasing chemical demand, especially in sectors with process water withdrawals that are strictly controlled due to water scarcity concerns. In the major industrial centers of Southeast Asia, water treatment chemicals are being employed in the treatment of industrial effluents in the production of electrical devices in Malaysia and Vietnam. For example, in the semiconductor industry in these countries, water treatment chemicals are being used in the treatment of industrial wastewater, which is then recycled and reused in the semiconductor fabrication process to achieve the strict discharge standards and internal water recycling goals. This has resulted in the reduction of water intake by 30-40%.
The agriculture sector, which consumes the largest percentage of water in the region, is also turning to the use of wastewater treatment chemicals to address the water scarcity concerns in the region, especially during the dry season. In the irrigation systems of the Murray-Darling Basin in Australia and the rice fields of Bangladesh, wastewater treatment chemicals are being employed in the treatment of wastewater and the blending of this water with fresh water for irrigation purposes.
Green And Sustainable Water Treatment Chemistries
Environmental policies and trends in the Asian Pacific region favor the adoption of green and sustainable water treatment chemicals. Incentivization policies have been implemented by governments in Japan and Korea for chemical companies that have shown lower toxicity and higher biodegradability. This has led to the adoption of alternative chemicals to traditional chemicals. In Japan, for instance, in its advanced wastewater treatment facilities, bio-polymers obtained from plant-based materials are being used to replace synthetic polyacrylamide-based flocculants.
Industrial sectors are also embracing sustainable chemistries in order to conform to global ESG standards. Large-scale food and beverage companies in China and India are now reformulating their water treatment protocols to replace harmful biocides with environmentally friendly disinfectants such as hydrogen peroxide-based disinfection chemistries and ultraviolet activation chemistries that do not generate harmful byproducts in water treatment plants. These environmentally friendly water treatment chemistries are particularly prevalent in water treatment plants serving export markets that have high standards for water quality.
With regard to water utilities, there is an increased emphasis on circular economy concepts that incorporate environmentally friendly water treatment chemicals as part of overall upgrades to water treatment plants. For example, in Seoul, South Korea, as well as Singapore, water utilities are modernizing water treatment plants with biological nutrient removal systems that utilize natural microbial processes assisted by minimal chemical dosing. This results in water treatment chemical intensity savings of over 20% while simultaneously providing better water quality and cost savings. These innovations represent a larger trend in regional water treatment chemistries that incorporate environmentally friendly chemistries in water treatment plants..